Samchuk A., Vovk K., Akimova O.
M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Language: Ukrainian
Geochemistry and ore formation 2015, 35: 63-68
https://doi.org/10.15407/gof.2015.35.063
Authors of this article investigate the forms of heavy metals in soils of Kyiv . Concentration of water-soluble, the ion-exchange, carbonate, coupled with hydroxides, organic and the hard soluble forms of heavy metals was defined by method of step-by-step extracts. Authors revealed that the largest proportion of metals studied areas concentrated in the organic form (34–44 %, increase to 52 % in park area). In the areas of anthropogenic load the ion-exchange forms of heavy metals shape up 8-18%; organic forms – 32–36 %; adsorbed on hydroxide – 20–28 %. In the forest area the proportion of organic forms increases and the proportion of the ion-exchange forms decreases. This article show that mobility of Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni is 10–18 % for technogenic soils and 6–12 % for forest-park zones. In the study major soil pollutants of Kyiv are defined. They are mercury , lead, cadmium for Radikal plant; copper, lead for Energy plant; zinc, copper for thermal power plants and lead, zinc for highways. Authors also made ranks of concentration and ranks of mobility of heavy metals. It is established that the ranks of concentration of heavy metal in most cases do not coincide with ranks of mobility , depending on the properties of elements and physical and chemical characteristics of soils. The influence of physical and chemical properties of soils on accumulation of heavy metals is investigated. Authors established the content of organic substance and sorption capacity of the studied soils.
Technogenic soils have 0.86–3.65 % of organic substance and 9.58– 14.20 mg/equi on 100 g of soil of cation-exchange capacity . The soils of forest-parks zones have 5.13 % and 25.44 mg/equi on 100 g of soil respectively . Authors determined that the best protective properties have soils of the forest park zones which less affected by human activity .
Key words: forms of finding of heavy metals, method of step-by-step extracts, mobility of heavy metals, Kyiv .
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